海南建省以来抗氯喹恶性疟防治研究进展(1988～1996年)

PROGRESS IN THE CONTROL OF DRUG-RESISTANT FALCIPARUM MALARIA IN HAINAN (1988-1996)

1974年海南岛发现首例抗氯喹恶性疟，海南建省前1987年疟疾发病率为23．4，恶性疟占34．8％．病例数为5267例，流行区人口50余万。建省后进一步增加投入，加强防治研究：（1）掌握了抗氯喹恶性疟流行病学的新特点，适时调整防治措施；（2）筛选出几种抗疟药联用新方案，用于临床治疗和现场防治；（3）在全省主要疟区推广控制抗氯喹恶性疟的“毛阳模式”。疟疾发病率自1989年起逐年下降，1996年降至历史最低水平为5．30，恶性疟占24．3％，病例数为1026例，比1987年下降80％，流行区人口缩减了一半，防治成效显著。

The first chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria infection was reported in 1974 in Hainan Island Before the establishment of the province in 1987 the malaria mortality was 23. 4 per ten thousand and falciparum malaria accounted for 34. 8% and a total of 5267 cases were reported in the whole province. The population in the endemic areas of malaria was about half a million.New control measures including the increase of the amount of fund were taken after the set-up of the province, such as the follows: 1) new epidemiological features of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria were further understood and thus the control measures were adequately modified; 2)several combined antimalarial regimens were screened and employed in clinical and field control conditions; 3) 'the Maoyang Model', a successful experience imthe control of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria was popularized in the endemic areas of Hainan Provinec. Since 1989 malaria incidence decreased year after year to 5.30perten thousand, the lowest level and only 1026 falciparum malaria. cases occurred in 1996, a reduction of 80% over that of 1987.Inaddition, the population in the endemic areas of malaria was reduced by a half and the achievements in malaria control were sighificant.