香稻的发展现状与研究进展

Development and current research of aromatic rice

香米具有独特的香味及营养品质使其在国际稻米贸易中占有重要地位。近年来,随着分子技术的日益成熟及育种手段的不断提高,香稻的研究也从表型特征特性等深入到分子水平,育成的香稻品种也从单纯的常规品种到常规品种与杂交香型组合并存。文章综述了香稻的发展现状与研究进展,主要包括香稻的营养价值、香味的化学成分、香味的鉴定方法、香味的表达、香味的遗传、香味基因的分子标记与定位等,同时提出加强对香稻资源在特征特性、遗传多样性、配合力、分子标记、基因定位等方面的研究,以加快育成优质的香稻品种,满足社会对优质香稻的需求。

Flavor components and rich nutrition make aromatic rice an important position in international rice trade. In recent years, with the development of molecular technology and the improvement of breeding means, the study of aromatic rice is from the characteristics of phenotype to molecular level, and the situation of aromatic rice varieties are from single conventional varieties to hybrid rice combination and conventional varieties coexisting. This article chiefly explained the development and current research of aromatic rice. It included the nutrition of aromatic rice, the chemical composition and testing method of aroma, expression and heredity of aroma, molecular marker systems and mapping of aromatic gene, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to reinforce the research such as the characteristics, genetic diversity, combining ability, molecular markers and mapping of aromatic gene among aromatic rice genotypes. Aromatic rice cultivars with fine grain quality and high yield should be quickly bred to meet consumers＇ need.