北京市建筑行业农民工就医意愿及影响因素调查

Intentions for Seeking Medical Care among the Peasant Workers in the Construction Industry of Beijing and Relevant Influential Factors

目的了解北京市建筑行业农民工的医疗保障情况和卫生需求，分析重大传染病（以SARS为例）疫情对农民工就医意愿的影响，为政府在传染病暴发时有效地控制疫情提供参考。方法按统一设计的调查表，采取面对面的方式对建筑行业农民工进行访谈，以收集相关数据。结果建筑行业农民工普遍收入较低（绝大部分平均1000～2000元／月）、医疗保障不完善37．9％的被调查者，家庭不享受任何种类医疗保险，45．3％仅享受农村合作医疗保险。因此，在患一般疾病情况下，经济情况及医疗保障不完善成为影响农民工主动到正规医疗机构就诊的主要原因；而SARS疫情过后，在患传染性疾病的情况下，农民工愿意主动到正规医疗机构就诊的比率明显高于前者（X^2=4．031，P〈0．05），但经济情况仍旧是他们顾虑的主要因素。结论建筑行业农民工是城市中的特殊人群，因此，政府在SARS疫情过后，应结合农民工就医意愿的特点完善他们的医疗保障。

[ Objective] To learn the medical indemnification and hygienic requirements of the peasant workers in the construction in-dustry of Beijing, analyze the influence of the epidemic situation of severe infectious diseases on their intentions for seeking medical care and provide references for the effective control on infectious diseases. [ Methods] Questionnaires were used and face-to-face interview were made among the peasant workers of the construction industry of Beijing, relevant data was collected. [Results] The peasant workers in the construction industry commonly had lower income with an average of 1000 -2000 RMB per month; 37.9% of the interviewees enjoyed no medical insurance and 45.3% enjoyed rural cooperated medical insurance; the unfavorable financial situation and incomplete medical indemnification were the major reasons for the peasant workers＇reluctant seeking for medical care; the rate of visiting doctors increased significantly after the SARS epidemic （P〈0.05） , but financial situation was still their major concern. [Conclusion] Peasant workers in the construction industry are the special population; medical indemnification should be strengthened according to their intentions.