福州市1990—2006年13种常见传染病季节分布特征

Seasonal Distribution Features of 13 Common Infectious Diseases during 1990—2006 in Fuzhou City

目的掌握疾病的季节性变化规律,为制定和调整传染病的防制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法运用集中度法及圆形分布法对福州市1990—2006年13种常见传染病的季节分布特征进行分析。结果霍乱、流行性乙型脑炎、登革热有较强季节性,发病高峰为夏季;麻疹、流行性脑脊髓膜炎有一定季节性;而痢疾、伤寒、猩红热、出血热、疟疾、钩端螺旋体病、百日咳、乙型肝炎为全年散在发病。结论对季节性强的传染病应根据其高峰期采取针对性的防制措施,对季节性分布差的传染病应做好全年的监测防病工作。

[ Objective] To master the seasonal changes of the diseases and provide scientific basis for the establishment of preventive measures. [Methods] Concentration and circular distribution method were used to analyze the seasonal distribution features of 13 common infectious diseases during 1990--2006 in Fuzhou City. [Results] Cholera, epidemic encephalitis B and dengue fever bad strong seasonal feature with the peak in summer; measles and epidemic cerehrospinal meningitis had certain seasonal feature; dysentery, typhoid fever, scarlet fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, malaria, leptospirosis, whooping cough and hepatitis B spread for the whole year. [Conclusion] For the seasonal infectious diseases, pertinent preventive measures should be taken according to its peak period; for the non-seasonal infectious diseases, whole-year surveillance and prevention work should be carried out.