孕妇血中铅和微量元素与抗氧化水平的关系

Relationship between Anti-Oxidation Level and the Concentration of Lead and Microelements in the Blood of Pregnant Woman

目的观察妊娠期铅和硒、过氧化及抗氧化水平,预断宫内铅暴露对婴儿神经行为发育的影响。方法对观察组和对照组孕妇进行血铅、微量元素和生化指标的检测分析。全血铅测定采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光谱法。全血硒测定采用双道原子荧光光度法。血清铁、锌和铜测定采用等离子体原子发射光谱仪。血清脂质过氧化物(LPO)采用TBA比色法、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力采用黄嘌呤氧化法,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力采用DINB直接法测定。结果75例孕早期妇女血铅(0.30±0.20)μmol/L,未见高于对照组,孕早期妇女血硒含量下降明显(P<0.05),早孕组妇女血清LPO含量增加,SOD活力增高(P<0.05和P<0.01),GSH-Px活力变化不明显,Se和Zn低含量与SOD和GSH-Px活力之间未见有联系。结论孕早期妇女Pb未见有高暴露,但Se和Zn含量下降,过氧化和抗氧化作用增强。

[ Objective] To observe the levels of lead, Se, oxidation and anti-oxidation in order to prejudge the effect of lead exposure in uterus on the neurobehaviors of the fetus. [ Methods ] Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, double channel atomic fluorescent photometer, plasma atomic emission spectrometry, TBA colorimetric method, xanthine oxidation method and DINB direct determination method were applied to detect the level of lead, microelements and biochemical indexes in the blood of the pregnant women in the observation group and control. [ Results] Lead level in the early pregnant was 0.30 ± 0.20 μmol/L, which was not more than that of the control ; Se level in the early pregnant decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; serum LPO concentration and SOD activity increased in the early pregnant （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; GSH-Px activity did not change significantly; no relationship was found between the low Se and Zn concentration and GSH-Px activity. [ Conclusion] No high lead-exposure was found in the early pregnant, but the concentration of Se and Zn was found to decrease; oxidation and anti-oxidation increased.