论草原林业的家庭牧场经营形式

Management Forms in Family Owned Pasture of Grassland Forestry

在草地林业发展中实行家庭牧场为主的经营形式，能够调整林畜比例，有利于维护草地生态平衡和解决灾年的饲草饲料。在家庭牧场中发展林业，应具备思想解放，能很快认识发展林业的重要性；勤劳致富，积极从事生产；又有较雄厚的经济实力和独立经营的草地等。家庭牧场林业应有主体防护林区，饲料林区，间接受益防护林区，受益饲草饲料作物区等区划。家庭牧场林业建设要引进各项新科学技术和进行科学管理。这种形式符合草原牧区牧民一家一户分散放牧，草畜双承包生产责任制，生产对象流动性大，能极大地促进草原林业的发展。

The management form practice of family owned pasture in the development of grassland forestry can adjust the proportion between the forestry and animal husbandry and is favorable for the biological balance maintainance in grassland and forage supply in disaster years.There are many favorable conditions for the development of forestry in family owned pastures. If the owners are open minded, they will recognize the importance of the forestry development; They will become rich through industrious work and have strong economic strength and self managed grassland. Family owned pasture forestry should be made up of the main division zones of main body shelter forest, forage forest,indirect benefitial shelter forest, and benefitial forage crops. High tech should be introduced and scientific management be carried out,which suit the grazing activities done by single family or household,and are favorable for the overcome of the difficulties in afforestation in grassland areas,the low benefits and the contradiction between forestry and animal husbandry development. Thus, the development of grassland forestry can be accelerated greatly.