椎间盘组织工程支架材料的研究进展

Progress in scaffold materials of intervertebral disk tissue engineering

学术背景:椎间盘组织工程是目前医学领域的研究热点之一,但是研究的成果却不多,其中一个关键问题就是支架材料这个瓶颈。目的:介绍近年来应用于椎间盘组织工程的支架材料。检索策略:以网络数据库为主,查询Pubmed,Elsiver,Springerlink,Highwire等数据库1994/2007关于椎间盘组织工程支架材料方面的文献,检索关键词为"intervertebral disk,tissue engineering,scaffold"限定文献语言种类为"English";检索CNKI,数据库2000/2007的相关文献为补充,限定文献语种种类为中文,检索关键词为"椎间盘,组织工程,支架材料";同时手工翻阅相关书籍。纳入标准:内容与应用于椎间盘组织工程的支架材料相关。排除标准:重复性研究。文献评价:共收集到58篇文献,对资料进行初审,40篇符合纳入标准,进一步查找全文,纳入其中25篇进行归纳总结。资料综合:目前常用的材料按其来源可分为人工合成材料、天然材料及复合材料3大类;按其形状又可分为凝胶状、海绵状和纤维网状3大类。详细介绍了壳聚糖、脂肪族聚酯均聚物、藻酸盐、胶原、小肠黏膜下层、纤维蛋白胶、明胶、磷酸钙等材料的优缺点及应用现状结论:目前应用于椎间盘组织工程的支架材料不少,但缺少一种理想的支架材料,研制和开发应用于椎间盘组织工程的支架材料仍是椎间盘组织工程的研究的热点和难点之一。

BACKGROUND： Intervertebral disk tissue engineering has been one of the hottest medical research topics recently, but there are fewer achievements, and the scaffold material is one key obstacle. OBJECTIVE： To review scaffold materials in tissue engineering of intervertebral disk in recent years. RETRIEVE STRATEGY： A computer-based search was conducted in databases of Pubmed, Elsiver, Springerlink and Highwire for articles related to scaffold materials in tissue engineering of intervertebral disk from 1994 to 2007, with the key words of ＂intervertebral disk, tissue engineering, scaffold＂ and language was limited to English. The related Chinese articles from 2000 to 2007 were retrieval in CNKI database with the key words of ＂intervertebral disk, tissue engineering, scaffold＂ in Chinese. Meanwhile, the relevant books were manually checked. Inclusion criteria： researches of scaffold materials in tissue engineering of intervertebral disk. Exclusion criteria： repetitive researches. LITERATURE EVALUATION： Totally 58 articles were Collected, and only 40 were in accordance with the Criteria after the first check. Finally, 25 articles were selected for this summary. DATA SYNTHESIS： Scaffold materials in tissue engineering of intervertebral disk can be classified into natural biomaterial, artificial synthesis and composite materials according to the source; into gel-shape, sponge-shape and fibrous net-shape according to the appearance. This paper introduces the merits, shortcomings and application of many materials, such as chitosan, aliphatic homopolyester, alginate, collagen, small intestinal submucosa, fibrin glue, gelatin and calcium phosphate. CONCLUSION： There are many scaffold materials in tissue engineering of intervertebral disk, but still lack an ideal one, so the design and development of a suitable scaffold material is still the hot and difficult point of intervertebral disk tissue engineering.