人工晶体材料的特点及设计新进展

Material characteristics and design progresses of intraocular lens

目的:回顾总结和分析人工晶体的材料发展以及人工晶体的设计进展。方法:以"人工晶体"为关键词在中国期刊全文数据库进行相关学术检索,并对所得文献进行收集、整理、分析和总结。结果:人工晶体的材料发展以及人工晶体的设计进步较快。①材料发展的多元化趋势:可折叠后房型人工晶体已成为主要趋势,其材料呈多元化发展,主要有硅凝胶、疏水性丙烯酸酯、亲水性丙烯酸酯、水凝胶等,但各材料优缺点不同,其长期的生物学特性仍待临床检验。②人工晶体材料的生物相容性:人工晶体生物相容性的深入研究使其表面特性更受关注,也使人工晶体表面特性领域有进一步的发展。③人工晶体的设计进展:设计理念从单纯恢复视力向获得更好的生活质量的目标转变,出现各种新型人工晶体,如非球面人工晶体、可调节人工晶体、多焦点人工晶体、矫正散光人工晶体、黄色人工晶体、适合微切口的人工晶体、可植入式微型望远镜式人工晶体、光调节人工晶体等。结论:人工晶体的材料发展以及人工晶体的设计均旨在提供更好的成像质量,减少像差,提供调节功能,保护视网膜免受光损伤。

AIM： To summarize and analyze material development and design progress of intraocular lens. METHODS： Relevant retrieve was performed with the key words of ＂intraocular lens＂ in China Journal Full-text Database. Collected articles were arranged, analyzed and summarized. RESULTS： Technique of intraocular lens developed rapidly. （1）Diversification： Foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens is more and more common. The lens is composed of silica gel, hydrophobic acrylate, hydrophilic acrylate or hydrogel. Prolonged biological characteristics deserve further tests, because of different materials＇ advantages and disadvantages. （2）Biocompatibility of intraocular lens： With the deep research on biocompatibility of intraocular lens, its surface features are paid more attentions. Simultaneously, studies on surface features of intraocular lens develop further. （2）Design progress of intraocular lens： The design principle changes from simple view recovery to obtaining better quality of life. Various new types of intraocular lens appeared, such as asphedc surface intraocular lens, adjustable intraocular lens, multiple focus, astigma correction intraocular lens, yellow intraocular lens, mini-incision intraocular lens, implanted telescope mini-intraocular lens and light-regulation intraocular lens, etc. CONCLUSION： Material development and design of intraocular lens are aimed to provide better imaging quality, reduce aberration, offer regulating function and protect retina from light injury.