急性兔脑栓塞模型的建立

Establishment of an Acute Cerebral Embolism Model in Rabbits

目的建立稳定的兔脑栓塞模型，以期为进一步开展脑栓塞的病理生理变化及影像学研究提供可靠实用的工具。方法30只健康新西兰兔，随机分成3组，其中A组3只，为空白对照组；B组5只，为假手术对照组；C组22只，为栓塞组。分离右侧颈部血管，经颈外动脉向颈内动脉注入直径约0.5～1.0mm的SiO2颗粒10枚左右，栓塞后30min行CT灌注检查，利用多层螺旋CT灌注成像对各组动物的脑缺血情况进行观察。24h处死动物取脑组织进行病理研究。结果A、B组CT灌注及病理均未见异常。C组栓塞过程中3只兔死亡。16只兔CT灌注异常，表现为右侧局部CBF降低、肌’延长、CBV无明显变化或轻度上升、下降。3只兔灌注未见异常。HE染色可见8只兔脑梗塞，7只兔脑缺血，4只兔未见明显异常。结论采用该方法和技术能够建立稳定的兔脑栓塞模型，结果可靠，具有可操作性和重复性。

Objective To establish a highly stable cerebral embolism model in rabbits and to provide a reliable tool for investigating the pathology, physiology and medical imaging of cerebral embolism. Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： Group A （n = 3 ） underwent no operation, group B （n = 5 ） underwent sham operation, group C （n = 22） underwent an operation of embolic brain injury. Right cervical vessels were separated and about ten SiO2 grains （D = 0.5 - 1.0 mm） were injected into internal carotid artery via external carotid artery. After 30 minutes, CT perfusion imaging was performed and the severity of cerebral ischemia was evaluated. The rabbits were killed after 24 hours and pathological examination was performed. Results No abnormality was seen on CT and pathology in group A and group B. In the embolic group, three rabbits died, three rabbits were normal on CT perfusion and sixteen rabbits were abnormal on CT perfusion. Low cerebral blood flow, prolonged mean transit time and slightly lower or higher cerebral blood volume was found on CT perfusion maps. Cerebral infarction in eight rabbits, cerebral ischemia in seven rabbits and no abnormality in four rabbits were found by HE staining patology. Conclusions With this technique, a stable acute cerebral embolism model in rabbits has been established, with good reliability and reproducibility.