人工关节金属磨损颗粒体外制备分离方法的实验研究

Experimental study on a method of in vitro preparation and seperation for metallic prosthesis wear particles

[目的]设计一种体外制备、分离人工关节金属磨损颗粒的方法,并验证这种颗粒用于医学实验的可行性。[方法]用钛铝钒合金、钴铬钼合金材料分别制成球磨罐(国家发明专利,申请号:03142073.7),球磨罐内装有用同种材料制成的磨块;向该球磨罐内注入模拟生物体液;震动球磨得到颗粒混悬液。梯度离心获得金属颗粒。对颗粒进行:(1)元素成分鉴定;(2)颗粒大小鉴定和粒度分析;(3)扫描电镜对颗粒的表面形态观察;(4)将颗粒与J774A.1巨噬细胞共同培养,观察细胞吞噬颗粒的情况。[结果]通过此方法成功产生并分离出大量直径1μm左右的钛合金和钴铬钼合金颗粒。(1)元素分析证实整个处理过程中无杂质成分污染;(2)钛合金颗粒的平均直径Dv90∶1.009,钴铬钼颗粒的平均直径Dv90∶1.008,粒度分布曲线基本成正态;(3)扫描电镜图象显示颗粒大小均匀,形状多为不规则,与体内颗粒极为相似;(4)J774A.1巨噬细胞能完整吞噬2种材料的颗粒。[结论]此方法能持续大量产生人工关节假体金属材料的磨损颗粒,产生的颗粒能在各方面很好地模拟体内磨损颗粒,为今后人工关节假体松动相关研究的体内、体外研究提供可靠的颗粒来源。

[ Objective] To design a method of in vitro preparation and seperation for metallic wear particles around joint prosthesis and evaluate its feasibility in medical experiments. [ Method ] Ti - 6AI - 4V and Co - Gr - Mo alloys were used to make two friction jars respectirely. National inventive patent applied number 03142073.7. Lots of quadrate blocks made of the same materials are put into the jars respectively, which were then. lubricated by man-made body fluid and vibrated on a bottle shaker. After 21 days the fluid was harvested and centrifuged to get the produced wear particles. The collected particles were studied by using element trace analysis, laser countersizer and scanning electron microscopy. The J774. A1 macrophages cultured together with these particles for 24 hours were observed under inverted phase contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. [ Result] A got great amounts of metallic particles with 1μm diameter coned beproduce using this method. The aver age diameter of titanium alloys （Dv90） is 1. 011 and that of Co-Gr-Mo is 1. 010. Particle size distribution had good consistency in different materials. Under scanning electron microscopy , the particles had irregular shapes just like those got from revision operations. The particles taken into the J774. A1 macrophages could be seen under inverted phase contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. [ Conclusion ] This method is good enough to preducl lots of metallic wear particles mosth like those around total joint prosthesis and can be used in further in vivo and in vitro studies about joint prosthesis loosening.