认知失调理论对唠叨言语行为的阐释

Interpretation of Speech Behaviour of Nagging Based on the Theory of Cognitive Dissonance

唠叨是一种特殊的言语活动.其语用特点是说话繁复,而且通常会使用高量值的情态词或一些修辞手段来增强语力.这与言语交际的一般语用原则是相悖的.听者对于唠叨的反应要么是被动地作出简短的肯定回答,要么是用言语进行反抗或辩驳,或者是无奈地作无言语应答.说者行为背后的动机是为了求得认知上的协调.而听者行为背后的动机则是为了减少或消除自己在被唠叨时所体验到的认知失调以达到认知协调.

As special speech behaviour, nagging is pragmatically characterized by repetition, incessantness and directness, and usually by adopting high-valued expressions and rhetorical devices to enhance the illocutionary power, which is contrary to the general pragmatic principles of language communication. To magging, hearers would passively make brief answers of acceptance, resistance and justification, or resignedly make non-verbal response. The motivation behind the speech behaviour is to seek the cognitive consonnace, while that behind the hearers＇ behaviour is to reduce or eliminate the experienced cognitive dissonance, so as to attain the cognitive consonance.