武术运动员年龄变化与关节运动幅度变化的关系初探

Trace investigation of relationship between age change and the five major joints' movement range for juvenile martial art players

目的:武术是一项要求人体关节活动幅度较大的运动,了解少年武术运动员随年龄的自然增长,专项训练对人体五大关节主动活动幅度的影响,可以为少年武术运动员的科学选材、训练,提供理论依据,也能为运动人体科学学科建设积累资料.方法:采用形态学测量方法,通过四年的追踪调查以及与对照组的比较,研究武术运动员年龄变化与关节运动幅度变化的关系.结果:1.年龄在12至15岁之间的少年武术运动员五大关节主动活动幅度的变化与年龄自然的增长无明显关系.2.少年武术运动员髋、膝、踝三大关节比成年运动员的主动活动幅度大.3.无论少年还是成年武术运动员髋、踝两大关节主动活动幅度均较普通成人的活动幅度大.结论:1.在12—15岁之间,武术运动员五大关节多数运动的主动活动幅度的变化与年龄自然的增长无明显关系,在此期间进行训练,对增加关节的主动运动幅度均十分有利.2.随着年龄的增长,对下肢部分关节某些方向的灵活性影响比较明显,训练中应注意抓紧青少年时期的柔韧素质训练.3.长期的武术专项训练可以有效地改善关节的灵活性.

Objective： Martial art is a kind of game that requires of large movement range in human body joints. Knowledge of natural age increase vs change range in the juvenile players＇ five major joints may provide theoretical basis for scientific pick and training of juvenile martial art palyers. Method： The study can also accumulate necessary materials for academic ＇research in the movement anatomy. Conclusion is drawn based on four years＇ trace investigation and comparison of the contrasting groups. Result：l. If a player ages between 12 and 15, no apparent relationship is observed of the range change vs. natural age increase in his five major joints. 2. Juvenile players have larger movement range in the hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint than adult players. 3. Both juvenile and adult players have larger movement range in the two major joints of hip and ankle than ordinary adult people. Conchusion： No apparent relationship is observed in the range change with natural age increase in the five major joints.