快速列车机车乘务员人格特征分析

Analysis of Personality Factors for Locomotive Drivers of Express Trains

目的探讨快速列车机车乘务员的人格特征,为选拔高速机车乘务员提供依据。方法采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)对399名快速列车机车乘务员进行测量,并与中国男性成人常模对照,同时进行不同年龄组之间、不同组合分之间的比较。结果机车乘务员的稳定性(C)、兴奋性(F)、有恒性(G)、敢为性(H)和自律性(Q3)显著高于常模(P<0.01),恃强性(E)、敏感性(I)、怀疑性(L)、幻想性(M)、世故性(N)、忧虑性(O)、实验性(Q1)、独立性(Q2)和紧张性(Q4)显著低于常模(P<0.01)。同时低年龄组和较高年龄组相比,其人格主要呈高乐群性(A)、高聪慧性(B)、高兴奋性(F)、高敏感性(I)、高幻想性(M)、高内向外向分、低独立性(Q2)、低感情安详分。组合分高的机车乘务员主要表现为高聪慧性、高心理健康分、高成长能力分、高感情安详分、低敏感性、低怀疑性、低紧张性、低适应焦虑分。结论该机车乘务员群体无人格偏移。具有高聪慧性、低敏感性、低怀疑性和低紧张性人格特征的人员适宜做乘务员工作。

Objective： To study the personality factor of locomotive drivers of express trains and to provide the basis for the selection of locomotive driver of high-speed train. Methods： 399 locomotive drivers of express train were measured with 16PF. The results of 16PF scores were compared with Chinese male adult norm. And the 16PF scores comparative study were performed between different age groups and different synthetic score groups. Results： The raw scores of stability（C）, excitability（F）, permanence（G）, dating（H） and self-discipline （Q3） of 16PF in the locomotive drivers were significantly higher than that in the norm（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The raw scores of stubbornness （E）, sensitivity（I）, suspicion （L）, illusion （M）, sophisticate （N）, anxiety （0）, experiment （ Q1 ）, independence （Q2） and tensity（Q4） were significantly lower than that in the norm（P 〈 0.01）. lower age group showed the per- sonality factors of being more sociality（A）, intelligence（B）, excitability（F）, sensitinity（I）, illusion（M） and in- troversion-extroversion while less independence （Q2） and susceptibility as compared with higher age group. High synthetic score group showed the personality factors of being more intelligence, mental health, ability of growing un- der new environment and susceptibility while less sensitivity, suspicion, tensity and adaptability-anxiety as com- pared with low synthetic score group. Conclusion： The locomotive drivers as a group showed no personality devia- tion. Those who have the personality factors of being more intelligence while less sensitivity, suspicion and tensity cut out for locomotive works.