竞赛情境启动对运动员攻击性性别差异的内隐研究

A Study on the Gender Differences of Athletes' Latent Aggression Started by Competitions

使用攻击者与被攻击者图片和竞赛情境(拳击竞赛、篮球竞赛、体育舞蹈竞赛)的录像片段为实验材料,抽取大学生运动员90名,采用3(竞赛情境)×2(性别)×2(偏好攻击者、偏好被攻击者)混合方差设计,考察不同性别大学生运动员内隐攻击性特征.结果表明:男女运动员都具有较强的内隐攻击性;在篮球竞赛、体育舞蹈竞赛启动下,女性内隐攻击性强于男性内隐攻击性,在拳击竞赛启动下,男女没有统计意义上的差别,但男性有强于女性的趋势;竞赛情境启动对男性运动员有效应;内隐认知的研究可为体育问题提供新的解释视角.

This paper investigates the latent aggressive characteristics of university athletes of different genders by using the pictures of the attacker and the attacked and the video passages of the competitions （boxing, basketball and sports dance） as experiment materials. 90 university athletes take part in the investigation with a mix variance design of 3（contest situation）×2（sex）×2（having a partiality for the attacker or for the attacked）. The results are showed as follows. Firstly, both sportsmen and sportswomen have relatively strong latent aggression. Secondly, in basketball and sports dance competitions women have stronger latent aggression than men while in boxing there is no significant difference in statistics between women and men, although the latter has a stronger tendency. Thirdly, the competition situation has an influence on male athletes. Fourthly, implicit cognition research may provide a new explanation for the sports issues.