闸窦:明清广东农田水利的技术史和社会史探研

Watergate:A Study of the Technological and Social History of the Water Conservancy Facilities in Guangdong Province in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

探讨了闸窦在明清时期广东水利建设中的技术演进,分述其类型、形制,以及在堤围、河涌、陂塘中的应用,说明它对水利建设的作用。同时考察闸窦与各种水利关系的关联性,说明了它是一个牵涉了多方面社会关系的介体。在水利社区的形成过程中,它的应用有赖于水利组织的发达程度和人们应对生态环境的能力。

This paper studies the development of technique in building watergate, including its type and shape , its application in dams and rivers and reservoirs in Guangdong Province in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Watergates as conservancy facilities were related to social relationship. Their application in irrigation area relies on the development level of local social organization and people＇s ability of adapting ecological environment.