清代山西乡村聚落的形态和住宅形式

The Form of Rural Settlement and Dwelling House of Shanxi Province in Qing Dynasty

清代山西乡村集居型聚落集中于山西中部、南部和东南部河谷盆地,以阶状、带状和围墙状聚落形状为多;山西北部、东南部和西部山地、黄土丘陵地带,聚落多以小规模散居型聚落为主。清代山西乡村聚落主要有窑洞、茅草屋、砖瓦房、木屋和石屋等住宅形式,以窑洞分布最为普遍,受乡村社会经济条件的制约,清代山西乡村民众的住宅总体上较为简陋。

The yarding type settlement of Shanxi province in Qing dynasty is concentrated in the fiver valley basin of central, southern and southeast part, with different shape like steps, banding and enclosing wall. However, in the north, southeast and western hills and loess zone, there was mainly small--scale and scattered settlement. The dwelling house forms in Shanxi in Qing dynasty were mainly cave dwelling, banda , tile house, log cabin and stone house. Due to the restraint of the socio--economic condition, the dwelling houses of Shanxi province in Qing dynasty are simple and crude.