近交系大鼠腹部游离皮瓣移植模型的建立及意义

Establishment and evaluation of epigastric flap allotransplantation model in rats

目的:为异体复合组织移植及皮肤移植免疫学研究建立一种可靠、简便而实用的动物模型。方法:以近交系Brown Norway(RT1n)大鼠为供体,Lewis(RT11)大鼠为受体,以股动静脉为血管蒂,进行腹部游离皮瓣异体移植。实验分为2组:急性排斥组(A组)术后不予免疫抑制治疗;免疫抑制组(B组)术后腹腔注射CsA剂量为20mg/kg/天。术后观察移植皮瓣的排斥情况和皮瓣存活时间,并进行组织病理学检查,以此对动物模型的可靠性和实用性进行评价。结果:A组移植皮瓣均在术后(7±1)天发生明显的逐渐加重的急性免疫排斥反应;B组移植皮瓣均可良好存活,存活时间均>100天。组织病理学检查,A组皮瓣有血管炎、毛囊炎及真皮炎症等典型急性排斥反应表现;B组皮瓣均无明显免疫排斥病理学表现。术后IL-2水平与皮瓣表面及病理学检查所见排斥反应程度相一致。结论:近交系大鼠腹部游离皮瓣移植模型是操作更为简易的血管化皮肤移植模型,其免疫排斥的发生易于观察并可稳定控制,是异体皮肤移植免疫学研究的良好动物模型。

Objective To establish a stable, reliable and simple animal model for composite tissue allotransplantation and skin allotransplantation. Methods Lewis rats and Brown Norway rats were applied as experiment animal,to harvest the epigastric flap of Brown Norway rats based in the femoral artery and vein,then allotransplantation was performed to Lewis rats who were applied as recipients. 20 couples of rats were divided in 2 groups： group A, acute rejection group： no immunosuppressor was given to postoperative rats. Group B, immunosuppression group： all postoperative rats was injected with closporine A as 20mg/kg/day. Observe the survive ratio of animal and rejection time of composite-tissue flap, histologic outcomes, and the level of IL-2 to evaluate the stability and reliability of this animal model. Results The rejection time was （7±1）d in Group A and （ 〉100）d in Group B, respectively. Histologic outcomes and the level of IL-2 were coincident with the rejection observed outside of the flap. Conclusion Rat epigastric flap allotransplantation model is a stable, reliable and simple animal model for composite tissue allotransplantation and skin allotransplantation.