全球生产与贸易新格局下企业国际化发展路径及策略选择——基于生产率异质性理论的分析方法

Development Path and Strategy Selection of Enterprises toward Internationalzation under the New Pattern of Global Production

针对当前我国在新"走出去"战略问题上产生的政策走向与经验分歧困境,文章从全球生产与贸易新格局背景出发,以Melitz(2003)的生产率异质性方法为基础、整合了一个新的理论分析框架,并应用这一框架对中国企业在国际化发展中的路径及其策略问题进行实证分析。研究表明:(1)我国企业生产率总体水平较低,且存在垄断利润与真实生产率相离;(2)中国FDI企业在"走出去"路径上存在异质性企业行为趋同;(3)中国外向性出口企业在"国内参与国际化"路径上存在技术技能劣势效应。这一研究为明确新形势下我国企业国际化发展路径及策略选择提供了理论启示,并为更好地推进我国企业国际化、特别是中小企业实施"走出去"战略,提供一种新的分析工具和理论方法。

Aimed at the paradox of policy orientation and experiential discrepancy on our 'new going global' strategy, this paper, under the new pattern of global production and trade, reorgaized a new theoretical analysis framework based on Melitz′s(2003) methods of productivity heterogeneity and apply it to analyze the development path and strategy of internationalization enterprises. we demonstrates:(1) Our firms are lower in general productivity level, and disconsistent between monopolize profit and real productivity; (2) Our FDI firms exist in conducts convergent of heterogeneity firms in 'going global' path; (3) Our exit firms have an inferior position in technology and skill in 'participate in internationalization in home' path. This study provides some references for enterprises toward internationalization to select the development path and strategy, and provides a new theory and method for improving Chinese enterprises toward internationalization, especially for small and medium enterprises to carry out the 'going global' strategy.