烧伤患儿家属600例的心理需求调查及护理对策

Psychological Needs Study of the Relatives of Pediatric Burn Patients and Nursing Strategy

目的探讨烧伤患儿家属的心理需求及护理对策。方法2006年1月至2007年4月,对600例烧伤患儿家属进行问卷调查。结果震惊与焦虑、悲伤与恐惧是患者家属的2个主要的情绪表现;多数家属了解患儿疾病的主要治疗、主要药物的名称及用法、常规检查及特殊检查的目的和内容,但对监护仪器和特殊药物的相关情况了解较少;患儿家属对护士的要求集中在全力抢救、生活照顾、缓解病情、安慰与心理支持、延长生命等5个方面;患儿家属对疾病相关的知识均有较高的需求。结论针对烧伤患儿家属的心理需求,医务人员应认真履行告知义务,积极做好患儿家属的心理疏导,并提高交流技巧,以增强家属与疾病抗争的信心,促进患儿早日康复。

Objective To explore the psychological needs of the close relatives of pediatric burn patients and the corresponding nursing strategies. Methods A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among the close relatives of 600 pediatric burn patients. Results Shocking/anxiety and grief/horror were the two major emotional manifestations of the relatives of the patients. Most of the relatives had some knowledge on the treatment procedures, major drugs and their usages, purposes of the routine examinations and specific examinations, but were less familiar with the monitoring equipment and some special drugs. The requests of the relatives from the nurses were full life-saving measures, care of the daily living activity, relief of the condition, comfort and psychological support, and prolongation of the patients＇ life. The relatives were noted to have high demands for information concerning the patients＇ condition. Conclusion According to the psychological needs of the close relatives of the patients, the medical staff should faithfully perform the obligation to keep them well informed of the related issues, provide them with adequate psychological counseling, improve the skills in communication and enhance their confidence in coping with the situation, which may help in the quicker recovery of the patients.