哈尔滨犹太宗教公会的兴衰

The Rise and Fall of Harbin Jewish Religious Guild

19世纪末,伴随着沙俄的排犹政策和中东铁路的修筑,大批俄国犹太人来到哈尔滨这个新的"避难所"定居。他们在哈尔滨建立了犹太会堂、银行、学校、医院,还创办了犹太人自己的社团,形成了较完整的犹太社区体系,当时的哈尔滨已成为东亚地区犹太人最大的活动中心之一。通过研究发现,哈尔滨犹太宗教公会在哈尔滨犹太人社区中处于领导核心的地位。通过犹太宗教公会的组织活动,维护犹太人的利益,使在哈尔滨的犹太人同欧美、苏俄、中东地区的犹太人保持了密切的联系。

At the end of the 19^th century, the Jews came to settle in Harbin a new refuge as a result of Russia＇s policy of rejecting Jews and laying down the Chinese East Railway. Tney set up Jewish assembly hall, bank, school, hospital and created their own organization, forming a complete Jewish community system in Harbin that became one of the largest Jewish settlement in the Northeast Asia. Discovered through investigation, Harbin Jewish rehgious guild played a leading role in Harbin Jewish community. It organized the community activities, safeguard the Jews＇ interests and kept a close link with the Jews in Europe, America and the Middle East.