中国科技体制改革的路径选择

The Route-choice of Scientific System Reform in China

我国以政府主体的科技体制,20多年来走过了从科技机构"松绑"到"建设国家创新体系"、目标和政策重点不断调整的改革,但仍存在科技管理体制没有理顺,科技资源使用效率不高、分配不当等组织管理、资源配置上的一些缺陷。针对这个问题,本文总结了俄罗斯、美国、日本等几个国家科技体制改革的举措和经验,提出中国的科技体制改革的大方向应是先改革组织体系,在体系变革的基础上改革激励机制。

The mainly state-run sci-tech system of China has been transformed from the releasing from the control of government sci-tech institutions, into an innovation-based pattern over the past two decades, while the defects in organization and system and the abuse of sci-tech resources still remain. Compared with other countries＇ experiences, such as Russia, American and Japan, the reform should focus more on reforms of incentive mechanism on the basis of the reform of management system.