山东沿海地区居民糖尿病患病率及危险因素调查

The investigation of prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus in Shandong coastal area

目的调查山东沿海地区20岁以上居民2型糖尿病(DM)的患病情况及其危险因素。方法采用随机、分层、整群抽样的方法,调查青岛、烟台、威海、日照和东营常住居民5000人的DM患病情况。结果(1)DM的患病率为8.37%,按照2000年第五次全国人口普查资料进行年龄调整标化后,标化患病率为7.98%。糖调节受损(IGR)的患病率为10.5%,标化后为9.84%。(2)新诊断的DM有215例,占患病总人数的51.3%。(3)男性DM、IGR30岁以后的患病率随年龄的增加而明显增加(P<0.01);女性则在40岁以后随年龄增加而明显增加(P<0.05～0.01)。(4)由正常糖耐量(NGT)、IFG、IGT至DM,年龄、BMI、腰臀比(WHR)、SBP、DBP、TG、TC、血尿酸(UA)和FPG、胰岛素(Ins)、HOMA-IR逐渐升高,且IFG、IGT、DM组均较NGT组显著升高(P均<0.01),HDL-C显著降低(P<0.01);而UA在IGT组最高。(5)非条件logistic回归分析显示年龄、SBP、TG、TC、BMI、WHR为DM危险因子,HDL-C为保护因素。结论山东沿海居民DM的患病人群明显年轻化。高血压、脂代谢紊乱、中心性肥胖和增龄为糖代谢紊乱的危险因素。

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus （DM） in coastline area of Shandong province. Methods A random, stratified cluster sampling was conducted, and more than 5000 dwellers in Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, Dongying were investigated. Results （1）The prevalence of DM was 8. 37%,with its 2000/nationally-standardized prevalence of 7.98%;the prevalence of impaired glucose regulation （IGR） was 10.5% ,with the standardized one of 9.8%. （2）There were 215 newly-diagnosed DM patients,accounting for 51.3% of total DM patients in the investigation. （3）The prevalences of DM and IGR were increasing with an age increase after 30 years of age in male （P~ 0.01） ,and after 40 years of age in female（P〈0.05）. （4）The parameters of age,BMI,WHR,SBP,DBP, TG, TC, serum uric acid, FPG, insulin,and HOMA-IR were gradually increased in size or level in the order of the severity of dysglycemia from NGT to IFG to IGT and to DM groups（P〈0. 05-0.01）,and were higher, except for the lower HDL-C, in IFG, IGT and DM groups than in NGT group. （5） In logistic regression analysis,age,SBP,TG,TC,BMI,WHR were the risk factors for DM,and HDL-C was a protective factor. Conclusions The age of diabetes mellitus onset is getting younger in residents of Shandong coastal area. Hypertension,dyslipidemia,central obesity and aging are the risk factors for DM.