论口述历史

On Dictating History

20世纪60年代后期,随着全球"新史学"的兴盛,历史学在研究方法和研究对象上,都发生了深刻的变化,传统的政治史至上出现式微,社会研究开始占上风,长期不受重视的黑人史、印第安人史、移民史、劳工史和妇女史的研究,异常活跃起来。更有一些观念激进的史学家,干脆提出彻底摆脱传统史学只注重社会上层人物的精英历史观,要求把研究的视角转向下层平民,以重新创造那些过去一直被人们所遗忘的历史。而从目前情形看,国内口述史的发展也正呈方兴未艾之势,参与者不但有史学家,还有新闻记者、作家,以及社会学、人类学、民俗学等诸多学科的学者。这也显示出,历史研究的单一触角已开始向多学科领域延伸。然而,口述史虽然人人都可以做,却要遵循严格的口述史操作规范。

In the late 1960＇s, with the prosperity of ＂new historiography＂ in the whole world, profound changes occurred in the history research methods and subjects, the traditional political history is highest emergence on the decline, the society research beginning gains an advantage, be free from the black history, Indian＇s history of value and immigrate the research of history, labor history and women＇s history over a long period of time and unusually stimulate. Even there is the radical historiography house of some ideas, simply put forward thoroughly getting away from the elite history which pay attention to social upper level person of traditional historiography view, the angle of view which requests the research changes direction the bottom layer civilian and re-create those histories that used to be forget by people. And see currently from the situation, the domestic dictate the development of history is also present on the up power, the participant not only have a historiography house, but also has a newspaperman, writer, and the scholar of many academicses of the sociology, anthropology, ethnology...etc. This also displays and single antenna of history research has already start extending toward many academics realms. However, dictate a history although the everyones all can do, want to follow a strict dictation history an operation norm.