热空气处理对延长梨枣果实冷藏保鲜期的机理研究

Mechanism for prolonging cold storage life of Li jujube(Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Lizao) fruit by heat air treatment

为了研究热空气处理提高梨枣贮藏效果的机理,该文以半红期梨枣果实为试材,在已有研究的基础上,研究了42℃热空气处理1h对在(5±1)℃贮藏条件下枣果的生理生化和细胞超微结构变化的影响。结果表明,梨枣采后贮前短时间热处理能有效地降低早期淀粉酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活性,抑制淀粉水解,延缓果胶降解,降低乙烯释放量,延缓果肉硬度下降速度,后期能延缓果肉细胞中胶层和初生壁分解,阻止细胞内含物外渗,保护细胞的结构,从而延长了贮藏保鲜期。但热处理对枣果呼吸强度影响不大。

To understand the mechanism for prolonging cold storage life of Li jujube fruit by heat air treatment, the effect of treatment with 42℃ heat air for 1 h on Li jujube fruit was studied through analyzing the changes of physiology and biochemistry as well as uhrastructure of postharvest Li jujube fruit during cold storage under（5±1） ℃. The results indicate that, during the early storage period under short time treatment with heat air, the activities of amylase and polygalactouronase are effectively decreased; starch content reduction is inhibited; the degradation speed of pectin and the decrease speed of flesh hardness are slowed down, and the release rate of ethylene in fruit is decreased. During the later storage period, the decomposition rate of middle lamella and primary wall of the Li jujube fruit treated with heat air for a short time is delayed, exosmosis of cell contents is inhibited, and the cell structure is protected, so the storage time of Li jujube fruit is prolonged. But the effect of heat treatment on respiratory intensity of jujube fruit is not obvious.