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1999~2006年急性冠脉综合征患者死亡及心力衰竭发生率降低 被引量:6

Decline in Rates of Death and Heart Failure in Acute Coronary Syndromes, 1999-2006
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摘要 背景:有关药物和介入治疗对ST段抬高型和非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(non—ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome,NSTE ACS)患者的作用,随机试验已经提供了足够的证据,但是是否已经转化为相应的临床变化还不清楚。 目的:确定ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)和NSTE ACS患者的院内治疗改变是否伴随临床结果的改善。 设计、地点及患者:全球急性冠脉事件注册研究(Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events,GRACE)是一项多国家队列研究。自1999年7月1日至2006年12月31日,该研究共入选并随访了来自14个国家、113家医院的44372例ACS患者。 主要观测指标:当前循证药物和介入治疗应用的趋势及患者预后(死亡、充血性心力衰竭、肺水肿、心源性休克、卒中和心肌梗死)。 结果:随着研究时间的进展,相关药物的应用增加(β-受体阻滞剂、他汀类药物、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、行或未行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗[percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI]患者应用噻氯毗啶、糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa抑制剂和低分子肝素;P〈0.001)。STEMI患者药物再灌注治疗下降了22个百分点(95%可信区间[confidence interval,CI],-27~-17),而直接PCI增加了37个百分点(95%CI,33—41)。在NSTEMI患者中,PCI的比例显著升高了18个百分点(95%CI,15~20)。充血性心力衰竭和肺水肿在STEMI患者中降低了9个百分点(95%CI,-12~-6),在NSTEACS患者中降低了6.9个百分点(95%CI,-8.4~-4.7)。STEMI患者的院内死亡率降低了18个百分点(95%CI,-5.3~-1.9),心源性休克降低了24个百分点(95%CI,-4.3~-0.5)。校正了危险评分后,NSTEACS患者的院内死亡率降低了0.7个百分点(95%CI,-1.7~0.3);STEMI患者6个月随访时卒中发生率降低了0.8个百分点(95%CI,-1.7~0.1),心肌梗死发生率降低了2.8个百分点(95%CI,-6.4~0.9)。NSTEACS患者6个月死亡率降低了1.6个百分点(95%CI,-3.0~-0.1),卒中发生率降低了0.7个百分点(95%CI,-1.4~0.1)。 结论:在本项多国家观察性研究中,ACS患者治疗的改善与6个月新发心力衰竭、死亡率、卒中和心肌梗死发生率显著降低相关。
出处 《美国医学会杂志(中文版)》 2007年第6期323-330,共8页 The Journal of the American Medical Association(Chinese Edition)
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