一种基于遗传算法的无线传感器网络定位新算法

New Positioning Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Ased on Genetic Algorithm

针对无线传感器网络节点自身定位问题,提出一种基于遗传算法的新定位算法。该算法假设无线传感器网络中有一定比例的位置已知的节点,通过分析未知节点及其无线射程范围内的已知节点之间的通讯约束和几何关系,建立以未知节点位置为参数的优化设计数学模型,使用遗传算法求解此模型得出未知节点的位置,并通过修改遗传算法参数来提高遗传算法收敛速度。理论分析和试验结果表明,本算法具有很强的健壮性,未知节点的失效和新节点的加入不会影响算法的性能,并且算法定位精度高,条件简单,适合各种规模的无线传感器网络的节点定位。

This paper presents a new positioning algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm to estimate an unknown node position in a wireless sensor network. Given a limited fraction of nodes which＇ s positions are known, the optimal model, which sets the position of unknown node as its parameters, can be set up based on the communication restrict and geometrical relation between the unknown node and the anchor nodes which are in the radio range of the unknown node. The parameter of genetic algorithm is modified for has faster convergence speed and the solution is regarded as the estimate position of the unknown code. A theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, this algorithm is robust because neither the failure of old unknown nodes nor the addition of new unknown nodes influences the algorithm performance, the error of this algorithm is low, and its condition is simple so that suitable for all sizes of low- power wireless sensor networks.