细菌快速分离鉴定和药敏试验方法学探讨

Study on the methods of rapid reports of identification and susceptibility of bacteria

建立２４小时快速报告细菌学鉴定及药敏试验结果的常规程序，为及时发现和控制医院感染潜伏危险因素提供细菌学依据。本研究根据不同菌体生长条件的差异进行分离培养，快速获得单一菌落，并用单克隆抗体乳胶诊断系列和快速生化鉴定系统对获得的单一菌落进行鉴定。每次试验用标准鉴定系列、ＡＰＩ或全自动细菌鉴定系统ＶＩＴＥＫ－ＩＭＳ作对比实验，优选出最佳快速分离时间和鉴定终点。研究结果表明：当标本内含１０８／ｍｌ菌体时，在３５℃需氧或５％～７％ＣＯ２条件下培养，可在６～１２小时获得单一菌落。直接标本药敏试验和获得单一菌落后试验，同时进行可在６～１２小时内得到药敏结果。证明２４ｈ快速细菌学报告是可以实现的。

This paper summed up the method of rapid reports and the creation of routine procedure of identification and susceptibility of bacteria. This method will provide the evidence of bacteriology for nosocomial infection control in time. Using different isolate methods for different bacteria, the single colony can be acquired in 6～12 hours. Monoclonal antibody latex agglutination and rapid biochemical method were chosen for identification of bacteria and standard methods (API or VITEK-IMS)were chosen for comparison. The results can be obtained within 6～12 hours with susceptibility tests of direct method and the acquired single colony. The above-mentioned results showed that the 24-hours rapid reports of bacteriology can be achieved.