氟喹诺酮类药物对医院菌株的体外抗菌活性测定分析

Study of the in vitro antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones with clinic strains

应用４种氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物对武汉地区３６０株医院菌株，用双倍琼脂稀释法进行体外抗菌活性测定，并用ＮＣＣＬＳ于１９９０年公布的稀释法药敏试验判读表进行分析，结果表明：４种药物抗菌活性大小依次为：环丙氟哌酸、氟嗪酸、氟啶酸、氟哌酸。它们具有广谱抗菌作用，对革兰氏阴性杆菌抗菌活性明显优于革兰氏阳性球菌，对具有多重耐药性的铜绿假单胞菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（ＭＲＳＡ）及不动杆菌均有一定的抑菌作用。同时，也发现氟喹诺酮类药物的广泛应用已促使细菌产生了耐药性，大肠埃希氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌和ＭＲＳＡ都出现了高度耐药株（ＭＩＣ≥３２ｍｇ／Ｌ），并指出了合理使用抗菌药物的重要性。

We measure the antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones in vitro with 360 clinic strains in the Wuhan area, and analysis it with standard published by NCCLS in 1990. The result shows: The antibaterial activity of four drugs is decreased guadually fron CPEX, OFLX, ENOS to NELX. The four drugs are all broad-spectrum antibiotic because they have bacteriostasis for P. aeruginosa, MRSA and Acinetobacter. The antibacterial activity to gram-negative bailli is prior to gram positive bacilli. In the meantime, we find the drug resistance of fluoroquinolones is increasing, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, MRSA and acinetobacter all have high drug resistant strains. It suggests we must use antibiotic rationally.