郑孝胥与陈三立交游考

A Study on the Association of Zheng Xiao-xu and Chen Li-san

郑孝胥与陈三立均是同光体代表人物,一为闽派首领,一为赣派首领。他们在诗学观点上有相近相通处,并因之而与张之洞有冲突。论述他们的交往与诗学的同异,有助于了解同光体的形成。由于思想境界与个性的不同,两人所走的道路与结局不同,郑孝胥坠落为一个助溥仪投靠日本军国主义的大汉奸,陈三立绝食殉国,成为一位恪守民族大义的爱国志士。若将两人的诗风稍作比较,则郑孝胥诗多愤激之语,而陈三立诗多峻洁之诣;郑以意驱辞,陈三立以诗中寓意;郑诗主观意图显露而激迫,不如陈诗来得自然深厚。

Both Zheng Xiao-xu and Chen Li-san were the representatives of Tongguangti-a school of poetry creation, the former was the leading figure of the Min （ short name for Fujian province ） , while the latter was the leading role of Gan（ the short name for Jiangxi province ）. They shared similarities and interlinked with each other in their opinion towards poetry creation and had common conflict with Zhang Zhi-dong because of that. It will grant understanding to the formation of Tongguangti by expounding their association and the similarities and dissimilarities of their poetry style. They led totally different road and resulted in different consequences because of their disparities on ideology and personality： Zheng Xiao-xu degenerated himself to be a collaborator of the Japanese in setting up Puyi＇s surrender to the Japanese militarism ; while Chen San-li killed himself by starving as a way of protest, which signified him as a patriot who stuck to nationalism. Their style in poetry speak for themselves if viewed in comparison： Zheng Xiao-xu＇s poetry is filled with indignation and resentments towards life while Chen Li-san＇s poetry displays beauty and brevity. The form of Zheng＇s works is decided by his intention while Chen＇s intention can be read between the lines. Zheng＇s poetry can be categorized as a subjective one while Chen＇s creation is better in retaining its natural form and profound in meaning.