酸胁迫对不同基因型玉米生长和钙镁养分吸收的影响

Effect of Acid Stress on Growth of and Ca and Mg Uptake by Maize of Different Genotypes

采用盆栽试验系统研究了不同耐酸特性的4个玉米自交系苗期、拔节期和散粉期的生长状况和钙、镁营养特性.结果表明,铝毒对玉米生长发育的影响贯穿于全生育期,但是影响强度随时间推移而减轻.在苗期,铝毒严重影响玉米对钙、镁营养的吸收,且对钙吸收的影响大于镁,不同基因型间存在明显差异.与酸敏感自交系相比,耐酸自交系苗期可保持较高的钙、镁浓度,地上部钙、镁耐酸指数显著高于酸敏感自交系.苗期之后,玉米钙、镁营养受酸胁迫的影响相对较小,除散粉期耐酸自交系功能叶中钙镁比表现较稳定外,其它钙镁营养特性没有表现出明显规律.

Growth and Ca ＆ Mg nutrient characteristics of four maize inbred lines with tolerance to different acid stresses were studied at the stages of seedling, shooting and pollination in a pot experiment. The results showed that acid stress affected the growth of maize throughout the whole growing period, but the intensity was gradually alleviated in the course of time. Acid stress had greater effect on the uptake of Ca than Mg at seedling stage, for there were significant differences in tolerance to acid stress among different lines. In the seedling period, the concentrations of Ca and Mg in acid-tolerant lines were much higher than those in acid-sensitive lines, and there was significant genotypic difference in tolerant indexes of Ca and Mg in different lines. At the middle and terminal growing stages, acid stress had smaller effect on nutrition of Ca and Mg than that at the early growing stage. There was no obvious rule in nutrition characteristics of Ca and Mg except that Ca/Mg ratio of functional leaves in acid-tolerant lines was much more stable than that in acid - sensitive lines.