精神分裂症患者脑磁共振变化的比较

Changes of magnetic resonant imaging in patients with schizophrenia

为探讨精神分裂症患者脑部结构的异常变化与精神分裂症发病机理的关系，对３８例精神分裂症患者（研究组）进行磁共振检查，测量脑室和脑沟的值，其中２４例测量了胼胝体前后径、厚度和面积。结果：研究组中１０例有局灶性脑结构异常，异常率２６％；对照组无异常发现。研究组哈氏值、侧脑室体部指数、前角指数、三脑室、左额叶脑沟、胼胝体前后径和面积与对照组差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示精神分裂症存在侧脑室、尤其侧脑室前角和三脑室、左额叶脑沟扩大及胼胝体缩小。精神分裂症Ⅱ型组哈氏值、前角指数、左额叶脑沟、胼胝体前后径与Ⅰ型组差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。不同年龄组和病程组之间差异无显著性。提示早年的神经发育障碍可能是引起脑部结构异常及后来发生精神分裂症的原因。

To explore the relationship between the abnormal changes of brain structure and the etiology of schizophrenia, the values of ventricles and sulci of cerebrum were measured in 38 subjects and corpus callosum were measured in 24 cases using the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). The results showed that the focal abnormalities of brain structure were found in 10 schizophrenics (26%). And significant differences were observed in Huckman values, indexes of body of lateral ventricles and cornu anterius, third ventricle, left frontal lobe sulci, anteroposter diameters and areas of corpus callosum between schizophrenias and normal controls, which indicated the enlargement of lateral ventricles, especially of anterior angles, and of third ventricle and frontal lobe sulci, and the atrophy of corpus callosum. Similar significant differences were also noted between type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ schizophrenia. There were no significant differences between subgroups divided by age or illness course. The findings suggest that early neural dysplasia may result in abnormalities of brain structure and the developement of schizophrenia.