试论道德的来源及其实现

On the Sources of Morality and its Realization

道德是历史的和具体的,在人类社会的不同历史时期以及社会生活的不同领域,道德具有不同的内容,对人的行为所作出的道德判断也会不同。但是,如果说以往历史条件下的道德基础都具有很大的不确定性的话,那么,在全球化和后工业化的历史条件下,一个全面开放的社会必然要求有一个确定性的道德基础,而人的道德存在就是这样的基础。人的道德知觉、道德判断力和道德行为选择的能力等,都来源于人的道德存在,而不是通过教育的途径获得的。关于道德的实现,一方面取决于人的道德存在的形成,另一方面需要得到道德制度的支持。

Morality is both historical and specific. It implies different meanings in different historical periods and social fields. Therefore, moral judgments towards peoples＇ behavior have different starldards in different time arid space. However, if the moral foundations in the past were uncertain, then, with the present historical condition of globaliza- tion and post-industry, the overall open society requires a definite moral foundation, which is made possible by man＇ s existence. The moral consciousness, moral judgment and selective power of moral behavior have their origins in man＇ s moral existence instead of education acquirement. The realization of morality depends on the formation of man＇ s moral existence as well as the support of moral system.