老年人脑血管功能分析与卒中危险度评估

Evaluation of Cerebrovascular Function and Relative Risk of Stroke in the Elderly

目的:分析和评估老年人的脑血管功能、卒中危险度、危险因素暴露状况,描述其人群分布特征。方法:以现况研究设计,整群抽取社区人群中>60岁及60岁以上的老年人群1827人,进行卒中危险因素调查和脑血管血液动力学指标(CVHI)检测。描述卒中危险因素暴露、CVHI检测指标及其积分值的人群分布特征,评估卒中危险度。结果:高血压病、心脏病、肥胖和吸烟的暴露率在男性分别为41.1%、9.4%、1.8%和86.1%,在女性分别为49.6%、13.6%、3.7%和0.46%,上述因素及多项CVHI在男、女组间均有显著差异(P<0.05);高血压病和心脏病的暴露率、收缩压水平随年龄增长而上升,体质量指数(BMI)和CVHI积分值随年龄增长而下降(P<0.01);卒中危险度上升至5倍、7倍和14倍者男性分别为11.3%、11.5%、8.5%,女性分别为17.7%、11.9%、9.9%。结论:老年人的卒中危险因素暴露存在年龄和性别分布差异,高血压暴露率最高,约1/3左右的老年人脑血管功能明显受损,卒中风险明显上升。

Objective：To analyze and evaluate eerebrovaeular function, relative risks and exposure of risk factors of stroke and to describe distributional characteristics in the elderly. Methods：A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2003. 1827 participants aged 〉60 years were selected from a cluster sampling community based population. Risk factors of stroke were investiga ted and cerebrovascular hemodynamic indexes（CVHI） were examined. Age and gender distribution of risk factors, relative risk of stroke, CVHI as well as its accumulative score were descrihed and relative risk of stroke was evaluated. Results： Exposure rate of hypertension, heart disease, obesity and cigarette smoking were 41.1% ,9.4% 1.8% and 86.1% in male, and 49.6%, 13.6%, 3.7% and 0.46% in female. There were significant difference between gender, similarly most indexes of CVHI （P〈 0.05）. Exposure of hypertension and heart disease, systolic blood pressure were increased as age went up, however, body mass index （BMI） and CVHI score were decreased （P〈0.01）. Proportion of relative risk of stroke increased to 5, 7 and 14 were 11.3%, 11.5%, 8.5% in male and 17.7%, 11.9%, 9.9% in female. Conclusion：There are significant population distri bution various of risk factors of stroke in the elderly. Hypertension is the most common risk. About one third of the elderly are with impairment of eerebrovascular function and increased risk of stroke.