海产双壳类东方肛居吸虫新种及其生活史

LIFE CYCLE OF PROCTOECES ORIENT ALIS SP. NOV. IN MARINE BIVALVES

本文报告福建沿海菲律宾蛤仔等海产贝类中寄生的东方肛居吸虫Proctoeces orienialis sp.nov.新种及其全程生活史。其第一、第二中间宿主都是海产双壳类,其不结囊的后蚴可在贝类中提早发育,但不象本属其他种类直至孕卵,而需经感染黄鳍鲷才发育成孕卵成虫。各期宿主经人工感染试验研究,发育过程经观察比较。本文还探讨了防护问题。

The clam industries, including the cultivation of Ruditapes philippinarum and other bivalves on the southeastern coast of China, is of great economic importance. The fellostomid trema-todes belonging to Proctoecet Odhner, 191], have been found in the Kidney of 9 species of marine bivalves. In Wuguan and Dongyu, Xiamen, 32.54% of Raditafes philippinarum are infected by these worms.The species studied is closely related to Procioeca maculatus, a type of the genus and an important parasite of marine fishes in Europe and America. However, it is different from the type in being smaller in the extent of the vitellaria and in the size of the eggs (40-50×21-28 μm). Besides, the cercaria is characterized by the absence of a small sperical tail. Evidently, this is a new species of the genus and the name, Proctoeces oriemalis sp. nov. is thus given.The life cycle of P. orientalis sp. nov. has been investigated and all phases of its life history elucidated. Its life cycle differs from that of P. maculatus in several respects. The hosts of every developmental stage are different from those of P. maculatus. The progenetic metacer-cariae in the intermediate hosts are never pregnant with eggs. The first intermediate host is Musculus senhousei; the second intermediate hosts involve 7 species of clams and 2 of mussels, most of which are of economic importance, such as Ruditapes philippinarum, Arca granosa, etc. Spams latus has been found to be the obligatory final host.In this paper the control of infection of this worm is discussed.