桂林市诺瓦克病毒性腹泻暴发疫情调查

An Epidemiological Investigation on Infectious Diarrhea Outbreak Caused by Norwalk Virus in Guilin City

目的了解诺瓦克病毒性腹泻流行特征,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法应用现场流行病学方法调查疫情特征、临床表现,采集标本,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)进行病原学检测。结果该疫情共发生病例54例,发病年龄8月～86岁;主要临床表现为发热、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻;病程3～5d;采集7份患者粪便标本,经RT-PCR检测,4份诺瓦克病毒阳性;进行传染源管理、饮用水消毒、和对村民进行健康教育等综合处理措施后疫情得到有效控制。结论诺瓦克病毒性腹泻主要临床症状有腹泻、呕吐,少数病例低热,病例一般症状较轻,可自愈,患者粪便样诺瓦克病毒阳性;综合防控措施可有效控制疫情。

Objective To know the epidemiological characteristic of infectious diarrhea caused by Norwalk virus in order to provide basis for its prevention and cure. Methods The epidemic and clinical situations were collected by epidemiological investigation and the samples were examined by RT-PCR. Results The total cases were 54, aged between 8 months to 86 years old. The main clinical symptoms were febrility, vomiting, stomachache and diarrhea. The course of disease was 3 -5 days. Among the 7 collected ordure samples, 4 were positive after detected by RT-PCR. After carrying out comprehensive measures, such as infection sources management, drinking water disinfections, environmental sanitation and health education, the epidemic situation was controlled effectively. Conclusion The main clinical symptoms of infectious diarrhea caused by Norwalk virus are diarrhea, vomiting and febricity among a few cases. The general symptom is not serious and can be naturally repaired. There is Norwalk virus found in the ordure samples of patients. The epidemic situation can be effectively controlled by comprehensive measures.