蜜蜂幼虫血淋巴游离氨基酸和微量元素含量的差异对其抗螨特性的影响

The tolerant effect of free amino acid and microelement diversity in haemolymph of honeybee larva to Varroa destructor

重新界定的外寄生螨类---狄斯瓦螨Varroa destructor(Anderson and Trueman),严重危害全世界的西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera。但是对其原始寄主东方蜜蜂Apis cerana不构成可见的危害。在西方蜜蜂群中,狄斯瓦螨在雄蜂房和工蜂房都能进行繁殖。在其亚洲的原始寄主东方蜜蜂群中,它们可以寄生于雄蜂和工蜂,但在工蜂房中不育。蜜蜂的血淋巴是狄斯瓦螨生存和繁殖需要摄取的惟一食物来源,推测血淋巴中的某种物质含量会影响狄斯瓦螨的繁殖。对中华蜜蜂Apis ceranaFabricius和意大利蜜蜂ApismelliferaL.工蜂和雄蜂封盖幼虫血淋巴中游离氨基酸和与营养有关的微量元素含量进行了比较,发现其存在明显差异,并推测这些差异与东方蜜蜂抗螨能力强有关。

The newly reclassified ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor （Anderson and Trueman 2000） is the most serious problem of A. meUifera worldwidely. But apparently, it is rather harmless in colonies of its original host A. cerana. As we know, In colonies of A. mellifera, Varroa destructor reproduces both in drone and in worker cells. In colonies of its original Asian host, Apis cerana, the mite invade both drone and worker cells, but reproduce only in drone cells. Haemolymph of honeybee is the only food for survival and reproduction of Varroa mites, so it appeared that the concentration of some things in the haemolymph affect the reproduction of Varroa destructor. We compared the concentration of free amino acid and microelement in haemolymph of larvae （A. cerana and A. meUifera ;drone and worker bee）that just sealed. And result showed that there are obvious diffrences in the concentration of free amino acid and microelement from different type of larvae . It suggested that the diversity of the component in haemolymph had correlation to the tolerance in A. cerana to Varroa destructor.