基于16S rRNA和ND1基因序列的中国蚌科丽蚌属的系统发育

Phylogeny of the genus Lamprotula (Unionidae) in China based on mitochondrial DNA sequences of 16S rRNA and ND1 genes

本文根据线粒体DNA16S rRNA基因和ND1基因的部分核苷酸序列构建了中国蚌科丽蚌属的分子系统发育。用距离矩阵邻接法和最大简约法构建了分子系统树,得到了相同的拓扑结构。结果显示:丽蚌属形成两个明显的类群,第一个类群包括失衡丽蚌(Lamprotula tortuosa)、刻裂丽蚌(L.scripta)、天津丽蚌(L.tientsinensis)、绢丝丽蚌(L.fibrosa)、环带丽蚌(L.zonata),第二个类群包括背瘤丽蚌(L.leai)、洞穴丽蚌(L.caveata)、角月丽蚌(L.cornuum-lunae)、猪耳丽蚌(L.rochechouarti)。前者构成尖丽蚌属,后者仍为丽蚌属。与蚌科其它属的代表种比较分析表明:尖丽蚌属和珠蚌亚科的种类形成一支,丽蚌属和缓行蚌亚科的种类形成一支,无齿蚌属和冠蚌属形成一支。由此可见,尖丽蚌属属于珠蚌亚科,丽蚌属属于缓行蚌亚科。珠蚌亚科和缓行蚌亚科形成姐妹群,而无齿蚌亚科是珠蚌亚科+缓行蚌亚科的姐妹群。将北美缓行蚌亚科方蚌属7个种的序列加入进行比较,得出丽蚌属和北美的方蚌属都是比较古老的类群,它们的亲缘关系很近,可能来自共同的祖先。

A molecular phylogeny of genus Lamprotula （Unionidae） in China was constructed based on partial nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and ND1 gene. The phylogenetic trees constructed by multiple methods （ NJ and MP） supported the same topology, in which Lamprotula could be divided into two distinct groups： one group includes Lamprotula tort uosa, L . scripta , L . tientsinensis , L . fibrosa , L . zonata ; the other includes L . leai , L . caveata , L . cornuum-lunae , L. rochechouarti. The former group constituted the genus Aculamprotula erected by Wu （1998）, the latter belonged to the genus Lamprotula. When the data of other unionids was added, three main branches appeared in the phylogenetic trees, respectively, which were Aculamprotula and other Unioninae genera; Lamprotula and Ambleminae; and Anodonta and Cristaria. Clearly, Aculamprotula belongs to the subfamily Unioninae and Lamprotula should be assigned to the subfamily Ambleminae. The phylogenetic analysis also suggested that Unioninae may be a sister group to Ambleminae, and, furthermore, that both of them are sister groups to Anodontinae. By comparing the ND1 sequences of Lamprotula species with those of Quadrula species originating from North American, we concluded that Lamprotula and Quadrula are closely related and share a common ancestor [ Acta Zoologica Sinica 53 （6） ： 1024 - 1030, 2007].