肥大细胞的组织化学与超微结构异质性

Histochemical and Ultrastructural Beterogeneity of Mast Cell

肥大细胞(mast cell,MC)是一种重要的免疫细胞,分为结缔组织肥大细胞(connective tissue mast cell,CTMC)和黏膜肥大细胞(mucosal mast cell,MMC)两大类。肥大细胞具有异质性,即肥大细胞在不同种属或同一种种属的不同个体、甚至同一种个体的不同组织器官中存在着形态学、分布、颗粒化学成分、染色特性及超微结构和功能等方面的差异性。近些年,人们围绕着肥大细胞的异质性进行了一系列生物学研究,并取得了一定进展,但对异质性的机制认识尚不清楚。深入的讨论、研究与比较仍然很必要。现对肥大细胞的亚群、形态与分布、着染性与免疫组化、超微结构等的异质性研究进展作一简要综述。

Mast cell is an important immune cell which divided into two sub groups as connective tissue mast cell and mucosal mast cell. One of the important characteristics of mast cell is her heterogeneity that has differences in their morphologies, distributions, chemical composition of cytoplasmic granules, ultrastructures and functions across species or even in different tissues of one individual. In recent years, more research and progress in the heterogeneity of mast cells have been acheived, but the mechanisms for mast cell heterogeneity still remains speculative. In the present review, the heterogeneities of mast cells were summarized in the respects of cell subtype, morphology, distribution, staining characteristics, immunohistochemistrv, and ultrastructure.