小型无人机自动驾驶仪技术

Development of autopilot technology of small UAV

近年来,以美国为代表的西方国家投入了大量的经费来研究小型自动驾驶仪及MIMU等关键器部件,使其精度有了突飞猛进的提高。国内小型自动驾驶仪研究起步较晚,精度较国外水平还有较大差距。作者从功能、结构、内部组成、精度等方面,综述了当前世界各国最有代表性的小型自动驾驶仪。结论中指出在结合小型无人机特点的动力学建模、自主导航、自主控制等理论方法方面,还急待进一步的深入研究;为从本质上提高小型自动驾驶仪的精度,必须走自主创新之路,提高MIMU等关键器部件的精度成为今后发展的一个重要方向。

In recent years, USA and some other western countries have invested a lot of fund in the research of small autopilot and its kernel devices such as MIMU. And this makes the accuracy increase quickly. In China, the research of small autopilot started rather late, and the accuracy is rather lower than abroad. The paper expounds the most representative small autopilots around the world, and discusses them from function, structure, compose and precision, The result shows that the research needs further studies on the fields of dynamics modeling, autonomous navigation and autonomous control with the combination of the characteristic of small UAV. Furthermore, to increase the precision of small autopilot in essence, the precision of kernel device such as MIMU must be increased and it has become an important development direction.