生产与意识形态批判——析阿多诺新音乐哲学的马克思主义模式

Marxist Mode in Adorno's Philosophy of New Music:A Critique of Production and Ideology

阿多诺的新音乐哲学作为一种文化社会学(哲学)批判,其特殊性在于他是根据马克思的经济基础与上层建筑理论分析了作为文化生产的音乐。在阿多诺那里,作为精神生产的音乐文化的出发点仍然是人类的物质生产,文化社会学(哲学)批判不能与社会现实分离开来,而对资本主义社会现实的分析必须借助于马克思主义的政治经济学批判。基于马克思的政治经济学批判立场,阿多诺分析了当代资本主义社会音乐生产与再生产之间的关系:一是音乐的生产力与生产关系之间的关系;二是音乐商品的生产、再生产、分配与消费之间的关系。以往的研究很大程度上忽视了其中的政治经济学批判成分,因此既不能把握住新音乐哲学的马克思主义模式的核心范式,也未能理解阿多诺对理论与实践关系问题的论述。

Based on Marxist political economic critique, Adorno analyses the relationship be-tween the production and reproduction of music in contemporary society, i.e. 1 ） the productivity of music and its relation to the condition of production; and 2） the relationship among production, re-production, distribution and consumption of music as a commodity. He also analyses music as cul-tural production in terms of Marxist theory of economic base and superstructure. As a special socialcritical theory, Adorno′s philosophy of new music is closely related to the theory of cultural industry.In Adorno, musical culture with its spirituality is all in all human material production. Cultural criti- cism cannot separate itself from the reality of society. This is essential in our understanding of Ador- no′s philosophy and aesthetics.