《高兴歌·酒赋》管窥

A Discussions of Gaoxingge Jiufu

敦煌写卷中《高兴歌.酒赋》引出的诸多问题,学界一直众说纷纭。其一是标题颇为奇异,是什么原因导致了令人费解的歌赋合一。其二是作者虽署名为刘长卿,但却称其官职为江州刺史,与唐代著名诗人刘长卿生平任职并不相合,令人疑不能定。其三是文体,作品题目中将歌与赋合一,其文体归属也颇使人踌躇。凡此种种,一直引人探索。其实,循《敦煌赋汇》及《刘长卿诗编年笺注》等史料所载,上述问题的解答还是有迹可寻的。《高兴歌.酒赋》标题的书写之所以怪怪奇奇,实源于乐府诗由古题、新题至新乐府的衍变。虽其作者署名与任职差池不一,但其作者应为唐刘长卿。其文体,似赋非赋、似诗非诗,实应归属俗赋中的诗赋类。高兴,实为郡名。而俗赋特征及诗与赋融合,也是应该深入探讨的问题。

No final conclusion has yet been reached on the three questions about Gaoxingge Jiufu among Dunhuang scriptures： why the title is so obscure and what leads to such an unintelligi- ble combination ofge withfu in its genre？ Who is the authentic author？ How can the genre of this scripture be determined？ Academic interest in the questions never ceases surging. According to the present study, Gaoxing in the title is found to be the name of a prefecture. The writer must be Liu Changqing in the Tang Dynasty. As for the genre, it is the vulgarfu of poetry type. This study also probes into the characteristics of vulgarfu and its combination with poetry.