川南地区儿童颅内肿瘤的流行病学调查

EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY OF INTRACRANIAL TUMORS IN CHILDHOOD IN SOUTHERN AREA OF SICHUAN

目的:回顾性分析川南地区儿童颅内肿瘤的流行病学特点。方法:1996年1月至2006年12月10年间,获得组织病理学诊断的儿童(年龄≤15岁)原发性颅内肿瘤857例,按照WHO2000年新分类,分析患者性别、肿瘤部位和组织学类型、分级与年龄的相关性。结果:颅内肿瘤857例,以低级别肿瘤为主(65.2%),男女性别之比为1.82:1。脑肿瘤以幕上居多(61.23%),而558例神经上皮性脑肿瘤以幕下居多(56.47%)。常见的五类脑肿瘤是星形细胞肿瘤(35.82%)、颅咽管瘤(19.95%)、髓母细胞瘤(15.87%)、生殖细胞肿瘤(GCT)(7.35%)和室管膜肿瘤(6.07%),男性比例最高的是GCT和髓母细胞瘤。32.16%的星形细胞肿瘤发生于13～15岁;颅咽管瘤除婴幼儿组外,各年龄组发病几乎均等;髓母细胞瘤多见于7～9岁(41.24%),而在婴幼儿和青春期发病率较低;GCT在2岁内无患病者,10～15岁占73.47%,室管膜肿瘤以幕下为主(78.22%),婴幼儿期的发生比例最高。结论:本研究基于WHO新分类,反映了川南地区儿童颅内肿瘤的流行病学特点。

Objective：To determine the epidemiology of intracranial tumors in childhood retrospectively . Method：During a 10-year period from January 1996 to December 2006,857 primary intraeranial tumors in children （≤ 15 years of age） were diagnosed histopathologically according to the latest WHO 2000 nervous system tumor classification. The distribution of gender, tumor location and histological type/grade in relation to age were investigated. Results：In this series ,intracranial tumors were 857 cases with the predominance of low-grade tumors （65.20%）. The gender ratio （male to female）was 1.82：1.61.23% of the tumors, were supratentorial. There were 558 tumors of neuroepithelial tissue,of which 56.47% was infratentorial. The most common five brain tumors were astrocytic tumors（35.82%）,craniopharyngiomas （19.95%）,medulloblastoms（15.87%）,germ cell tumors（GCTs） （7.35%） and ependymal tumors （6.07%）.The highest preponderance of tumors in boys was observed in GCTs, followed by medulloblastomas,32.16% of the artrocytic tumors were seen in 13-15 years of age .There was an even distribution of craniopharyngiomas through 4 to 15 years of age groups. Medulloblastomas occurred more frequently in children aged 7-9years （41.24%） than infants or adolescents.GCTs were not encountered in children in 2 years of life whereas teenage children accounted for 73.47%. Ependymal tumors were mostly frequent in infants with marked infratentorial prevalence （78.22%）. Conclusion：The present study based on the new WHO classification reflects the epidemiologic characteristics of intracranial tumors in childhood.in the southern area of Sichuan.