马克思视野中意识形态的出场、在场及其终结

The Advent,Presence and End of Marxist Ideology

马克思的意识形态理论在《德意志意识形态》中以批判青年黑格尔派为代表的"现代德国哲学"而出场,通过批判青年黑格尔派所主张的观念与社会存在的关系和精神与历史的关系,阐发了马克思的意识形态概念,也同时明确了历史唯物主义的思想。意识形态作为某一阶级或阶层为关于自身利益或自身存在的政治合法性和思想合理性进行辩护的观念或理论体系,有其存在的合法性的一面,但其虚假性也是每一个统治阶级所无法避免的。意识形态的完结归根结底是,由于阶级利益渐趋一致,统治阶级及其思想霸权对民众的压抑作用丧失,意识形态虚假性随之消亡,进而意识形态也便丧失了它存在的必要和可能。

Marx＇s theory of ideology appeared when he criticized the ＂modem German philosophy＂ which is represented by young Hege- lians. Marx elucidated his ideology and defined the historical materialism during he criticized the relationship of idea and the social being and the relationship of mental and history which were held by young Hegelians. As the idea or thought system of a class defending for their benefits＇ rationality, ideology has its legality and falsity. Because the class benefits are coming to an agreement and the control effect between the ruling class and peoples gradually vanish, the ideology and the falsity of ideology ended.