B803A系列优质杂交水稻品种光合特性研究

Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of the High-quality Hybrid Rice Varieties of B803A Series

[目的]了解B优系列水稻品种的光合特性。[方法]以冈优725为对照,研究B优系列水稻品种在2006年特殊的高温干旱条件下各生育期光合色素含量和光合速率的变化。[结果]B优系列品种孕穗期、抽穗期、灌浆期、乳熟期的Chl含量均高于对照,孕穗期及其后生育期的Chla含量较分蘖盛期都有所提高,与对照的差异达极显著水平。B优系列品种的光合速率在分蘖盛期和孕穗期最高,抽穗期下降,灌浆期回升,之后下降,瞬时及日均光合速率均高于对照,晴天与阴天都保持较高的光合速率。B优系列品种产量均高于对照,B优827产量最高(8007.45kg/hm2),较对照增产3.15%。千粒重、有效穗与产量的相关性达显著水平,抽穗期前后各光合色素含量与产量的相关性最大。抽穗期前后的光合速率与产量均呈显著正相关,孕穗期最大,灌浆期、抽穗期次之。[结论]光合色素含量高,光合速率大,良好的光合机理是B优系列品种高产的生理基础。

Objective The study aimed to know the photosynthetic characteristics of rice varieties of B You series.Method With Gangyou 725 as CK,the changes of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic rates of rice varieties of B You series in each growth period under the special condition of high temperature and drought in 2006.Result The Chl contents in varieties of B You series were higher than CK in the booting,heading,filling and milking stages.Compared with fully tillering stage,the Chla contents in B You series in the booting stage and late growth stage had some increase,and had difference from CK at extremely significant level.The photosynthetic rates of varieties of B You series were highest in fully tillering and booting stages,decreased in heading stage,relapsed in filling stage,and then decreased.Both instantaneous and daily mean photosynthetic rates were higher than CK,and were kept at higher level in clear and cloudy days.The yields of varieties of B You series were all higher than that of CK,in which that of B You 827 was highest,being 8 007.45 kg/hm^2,and increasing 3.15 % than CK.The relativity between 1 000-seed weight,available spikes and yield reached significant level,and that between photosynthetic pigments and yield was biggest before and after heading stage.The photosynthetic rates all had significant positive correlation with yield before and after heading stage,being biggest in booting stage and secondary in filling and heading stages.Conclusion High content of photosynthetic pigments,high photosynthetic rates and good photosynthetic mechanism was the physiological foundation of the high yield of varieties of B You series.