大穗结缕草种子打破休眠的处理技术研究

Study on the Treatment Techniques of Breaking Dormancy of Zoysia macrostachya Franchet Seeds

[目的]探索既能有效地提高大穗结缕草种子发芽率又便于在生产中推广应用的种子处理方法。[方法]在综合考查各种可能影响大穗结缕草萌发和休眠因素的基础上,针对大穗结缕草种子深休眠的特性,研究了不同化学处理方法(H2O2、H2SO4、NaOH、丙酮和GA3)对大穗结缕草种子解除休眠的作用。[结果]在5种化学处理中,用浓度20%NaOH溶液处理大穗结缕草种子25min,再用清水清洗,对解除种子休眠效果最佳,10d发芽势达83.5%,比对照高出58.2百分点,15d发芽率达85%,比对照高出55.0百分点,已接近大穗结缕草种子的潜在发芽率,发芽历时比对照明显缩短。[结论]NaOH溶液处理大穗结缕草种子,既简便可行,种子发芽率又最高。在大穗结缕草种子工厂化处理中可采用此方法作为打破大穗结缕草种子休眠的措施。

Objective The purpose of the study was to explore seed treatment methods which not only could increase the seed germination rate of Zoysia macrostachya Franchet effectively but also was easy to popularize and apply in production.Method Based on comprehensively evaluating kinds of factors which might affect the germination and dormancy of Z.macrostachya,the breaking dormancy effects of different chemical treatment methods（H2O2,H2SO4,NaOH,acetone and GA3）on Z.macrostachya seeds were studied according to the deep dormancy characteristics of Z.macrostachya seeds.Result In 5 kinds of chemical treatments,treating Z.macrostachya seeds with 20 % NaOH solution for 20 min and then cleaning the seeds with clear water got the best effect of breaking seed dormancy.By this treatment,the seed germination potential reached 83.5% in 10 d,being 58.2 % higher than CK;reached 85 % in 15 d,being 55 % higher than CK,which was near to the potential germination rate of Z.macrostachya seeds.Compared with CK,the germination duration was obviously shortened.Conclusion Treating Z.macrostachya seeds with NaOH solution was simple and feasible with highest germination rate.In the industrialized treatment of Z.macrostachya seeds,the method could be used as the measure for breaking the dormancy of Z.macrostachya seeds.