新疆伊犁地区夏季浮游动物群落结构特征

Community structure characteristics of zooplankton in Yili region of Xinjiang in summer

2006年6—7月在新疆伊犁地区对伊犁河干流、三大支流(特克斯河、巩乃斯河和喀什河)、恰甫其海水库、吉林台水库、间歇性水体和小水塘中的浮游动物进行了调查.共鉴定浮游动物134属217种,其中原生动物95属153种,占浮游动物物种数的71%;轮虫27属51种,占23%;枝角类7属8种,占4%;桡足类5属5种,占2%.伊犁河干流、小水塘和间歇性水体浮游动物种类数较多,分别达132、114和92种,吉林台水库种类数最少,仅7种.浮游动物密度和生物量均以恰甫其海水库最高,分别为11391ind.L-1和2.79mg.L-1,特克斯河密度最低,为578ind.L-1,喀什河生物量最低,为0.03mg.L-1.相关分析和一元线性回归分析表明,浮游动物种类数与水体的流速呈显著负相关.采用种类数、密度和生物量对伊犁河干流、三大支流及两个水库的水质状况进行评价表明,伊犁河、特克斯河、喀什河、巩乃斯河为寡营养水体,恰甫其海水库和吉林台水库为中营养水体.

In June-July 2006, investigations were made on the zooplankton in the mainstream of Yili River and its three main tributaries （Tekes River, Künes River and Kax River）, two reservoirs （ Qiapuqihai Reservoir and Jilintai Reservoir）, intermittent waters, and ponds in Yili region of Xinjiang. A total of 217 species belonging to 134 genera were identified, among which, Protozoa and Rotifer were the main groups, which contained 153 species （71% of the total species number） of 95 genera and 51 species （23% of the total） of 27 genera, respectively. Only 8 species of Cladocera and 5 species of Copepoda were observed. The zooplankton richness ranged from 7 to 132, with the lowest （7） in Jilintai Reservoir, and the highest （132） in Yili River. Qiapuqihai Reservoir had the highest density and biomass of zooplankton （ 11 391 ind·L^-1 and 2. 79 mg·L^-1, respectively） , but Tekes River had the lowest density （578 ind ·L^-1） and Kax River had the lowest biomass of zooplankton （0.03 mg ·L^-1）. Pearson correlation analysis and linear regressions showed a significantly negative relationship between zooplankton species number and water flow velocity. Based on the species number, density, and biomass of zooplankton, it was found that Yili River and its three main tributaries were in oligotrophic status, while Qiapuqihai Reservoir and Jilintai Reservoir were in mesotrophic status.