凡纳滨对虾对东北碳酸盐型盐碱水域的适应能力

Adaptability of Litopenaeus vannamei to carbonate saline-alka-line waters in northeast China

通过急性毒性实验，研究碳酸盐碱度对淡化凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannalnei）幼虾的毒性效应及其在碳酸盐型盐碱水域的生存能力。结果表明，在pH为7．12～8．14时，碳酸盐碱度对幼虾的24h半有效浓度（EC50）为2．73mmol／L。在pH为8．11～8．72时，碳酸盐碱度对幼虾的24，48和96h的半致死浓度（LC50）分别为12．40，11．24和10．49mmol／L，安全浓度（Cs）为2．77mmol／L。幼虾在碳酸盐型盐碱水域存活时间近9h。高碱度K^＋的质量浓度低、Na^＋与K^＋的质量浓度比较高是碳酸盐型盐碱水域养殖凡纳滨对虾的主要障碍。

Acute toxicity of the carbonate-alkalinity to desalination Litopenaeus vannamei juvenile was determined in wild by one-way toxicity test, and the live ability of desalination L. vannamei juvenile in natural carbonate saline-alkaline waters in northeast China was surveyed. The results showed that the 24 h EC50 of the carbonate-alkalinity was 2.73 mmol/L at pH of 7.12-8.14. The 24, 48 and 96 hours LC50 of the carbonate-alkalinity to make a desalination L. vannamei juvenile were 12.40, 11.24 and 10.49 mmol/L at pH of 8.11- 8.72 respectively, and the safe concentration was 2.77 mmol/L. Desalination L. vannamei juvenile can live only about 9 hours in natural carbonate saline-alkaline waters. High carbonate-alkalinity and c（Na^＋ ）/ c（K^＋ ）, and low concentration of c（K＋ ） were all the insurmountable obstacles at the moment.