喀斯特山区石漠化成因的差异性定量研究——以贵州省盘县典型石漠化地区为例

Genesis Difference of Rocky Desertification in Karst Mountains——A Case Study of Panxian County,Guizhou Province

珠东区的轻中度石漠化主要由人为因素引起,强度以上石漠化则由人为因素和恶劣的自然条件共同造成;保基区的轻中度石漠化主要是人为因素引起,强度以上石漠化则由自然因素造成;红果区的自然条件好于其它两个研究区,石漠化尤其是强度石漠化主要是土地利用强度大造成的,坡耕地发生中度甚至极强度石漠化。喀斯特石漠化土地的成因类型与恢复治理模式密切相关,在确定石漠化土地的治理恢复模式和治理重点时,有必要考虑石漠化土地的土地利用成因和成因的地域差异性。

Based on land rocky desertification and land use data in 2004 （ scale： 1 ： 50000） , the land use types distribution in different rock types and occurrence ratio of rocky desertification in different land use types at Zhudong, Hongguo and Baoji rocky desertification landscapes which are located in Panxian County, Guizhou Province, were studied quantitatively. Results indicate that slight rocky desertification land is distributed in shrub land mainly, and the rocky desertification in sloping cropland accounts for 11.67% of it; moderate rocky desertification is distributed in moderate coverage grass slopes mainly, intense rocky desertification is distributed in rocky dry-land which is difficult to use, showing that the slight and moderate rocky desertification were resulted from artificial causes, intense and very intense rocky desertification were induced by both of artificial causes and bad natural factors probably in Zhudong area. The slight and moderate rocky desertification lands were resulted from anthropogenic factors and the intense and very intense rocky desertification by natural factors at Baoji area. The natural conditions in Hongguo are superior than other two districts, so the occurrence of rocky desertification, particularly the intense rocky desertification were induced by intense land use, for example, there were moderate and very intense rocky desertification in sloping cropland. Rehabilitation measures correlated highly with different formation causes of karst rocky desertified lands, it was necessary to take the land use genesis types and its spatial difference into consider when design the control emphasis and rehabilitation models.