抗氧化应激药物防治糖尿病血管并发症的研究进展

Progression of Antioxidant Drugs in Diabetic Vascular Complications

糖尿病血管并发症是导致糖尿病患者致死致残的主要原因。而氧化应激与糖尿病并发症的发生发展密切相关,提示抗氧化治疗可望成为防治糖尿病血管并发症的新途径。新近研究证实,他汀类药物、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂、钙通道阻滞药、噻唑烷二酮类等药物都有很强的细胞内抗氧化能力,本文就此类药物作用于糖尿病血管并发症的分子机制研究进展作一综述。

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications, and an early step of such damage is considered to be the development of an endothelial dysfunction. Hyperglycemia directly promotes an endothelial dysfunction inducing process of overproduction of superoxide and consequently peroxynitrite. This process, depleting NAD ^＋ , slowing glycolsis, ATP formation and electron transport, results in acute endothelial dysfunction in diabetic blood vessels and contributes to the development of diabetic complications. Present evidents show that statins, ACE inhibitors, AT-1 blockers, calcium channel blockers and thiazolidinediones have a strong intracellular antioxidant activity, and many of their beneficial ancillary effects are due to this property. This preventive activity against oxidative stress generation can justify a large utilization and association of this compounds for preventing complications in diabetic patients.