中国古代律中条标演进之论纲——以唐律、宋刑统、大明律和大清律例为例

The Development of the Article Headings in Ancient China Codes——Taking Tang Code,Song Code,Ming Code and Qing Code as Examples

中国古代著名的唐律、宋刑统、大明律和大清律例等都有条标,条标是这些律中的组成部分,而且还在不断演进。在演进中,这些条标保持了共同点,具体表现为:条标的分布具有共同点、所含内容具有共同点、种类也是具有共同点等。它们在演进中还存在着不同点,后者总比前者有不同程度的演进之处。在这些条标的演进的过程中有一些值得关注的问题,主要是:立法技术问题,形成不同点的原因问题和条标演进的走向问题等。

Article headings were considered as a part of Codes in ancient China, including four famous codes, the Tang Code, the Song Code, the Ming Code and the Qing Code. However, they experienced a series of developments in different dynasties. Some of them had common grounds such ＇as the arrangement, the content and the type. However, they became different in many aspects in the development, part of which needs to be paid attention to, for example, the legislative skills, the deep reasoning and the trend.